Most of us who use the Internet have seen IP (Internet Protocol) address, but we don't know about it. For example, what is IP? Why do we use the IP address? Let's learn about IP.
What is IP?
- IP is the acronym for Internet Protocol.
Why do we use IP?
-Internet Protocol is a numeric label assigned to each device connected to a computer network. The Internet Protocol (IP) address is used to communicate through the network. In a nutshell, an IP address is the Host Connection's Logical Identifier. Each host in the IP network is assigned a specific number and this number is called IP address(Internet Protocol). IP is 32 bit, divided by 8 bit.
IP is made by 5 classes -
1. A(0-127)
2. B(128-191)
3. C(192-223)
4. D(224-239)
5. E(240-255)
Now we will know how the IP's classes work.
CLASS A
NETWORK-8BIT, HOST-8BIT(*3)
The IP of Class A starts from 0 finish at 127.
Which IP address begins with Binary 0 that call Class A IPs. In the case of such IP, the first 8 Bit network Bit and the remaining 24 Bit are Hosts.
If the network Bit is less than Host Bit then it is assumed that the IP address of Class A.
Examples: 10.0.0.1 to 124.245.254.256
CLASS B
Class B's IP starts from 128 and ends at 191. The first 2 Bit values of this IP address will be 10. In case of such IP, the first 16 Bit will be Network Bit and the remaining 16 Bit will be Host Bit. If the number of network Bit is almost equal to Host, then it should be assumed that the IP address of Class B.
Examples: 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254
CLASS C
The IP of Class C starts from 192 and ends at 223.
The first 3 Bit values of this IP address will be 110. In case of such IP, 24 Bit Network and 8 Bit Host.
If the number of network Bit is higher than Host then the IP address of Class C will be selected.
Examples: 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254
CLASS D
This is a special type of IP class called Multicast Network. This type of IP is used to find all the routers on a Host Network.
The IP of this class ranges from 224 to 239.
Examples: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
CLASS E
Class E IPs are commonly used in research, IPs in Class E start from 240 and end at 255.
Examples: 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254
IPv4
IPv4 is an acronym for Internet Protocol Version 4. This is the 4th version of Internet Protocol and the core protocol of the standard Internetworking system.
It was created by ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) for the first version of IPv4 in the 5th. IPv4 is a 32-bit address space through which around 1 billion addresses can be used. In this age of information technology, there are very few network devices connecting with the internet and one IP address is used for each device. According to network researchers, IPv4 is almost on the verge of extinction. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) created a new version called IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6). The networks we are currently using on our mobile computers and the IPv4 networks.
As an example, you can see the image below.
IPv6
IPv6 is a space of 128 bits that address around 340 Undecillion (Undecillion means 1 more 3). In the meantime, the use of IPv6 has started in many places. The transition from IPv4 to IPv6 resulted in both Protocol being used on the Internet. And to simplify the process, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has developed several systems.
The systems are:
- Dual-Stack
- Tunnelling
- Translation
Dual-Stack:
Dual-Stack is a method by which IPv4 and IPv6 Protocol can be used on anyone network simultaneously.
Tunnelling:
Tunnelling is a method whereby packets of IPv6 can be transmitted through the IPv4 network.
Translation:
This method uses a translation method called NAT64 to communicate between an IPv4 and an IPv6 Protocol device. In NAT64, packets are translated from the IPv4 address to the IPv6 address and from an IPv6 address to the IPv4 address.
Thanks for reading......
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